On August 1, 1790, the first US census showed a population of 4 million.

On August 1, 1873, inventor Andrew S. Hallidie successfully tested a cable car.

On August 1, 1936, the Olympic games opened in Berlin with a ceremony presided over by Adolf Hitler.

On August 2, 1923, the 29th president of the United States, Warren G. Harding, died in San Francisco. Calvin Coolidge took the oath of office as President of the United States.

On August 3, 1958, the nuclear-powered submarine Nautilus became the first vessel to cross the North Pole underwater.

On August 4, 1914, Britain declared war on Germany while the United States proclaimed its neutrality.

On August 5, 1963, the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union signed a treaty in Moscow banning nuclear tests in the atmosphere, space and underwater.

On August 6, 1945, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, during World War II, killing an estimated 140,000 people in the first use of a nuclear weapon in warfare.

On August 7, 1964, Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin resolution, giving President Johnson broad powers in dealing with reported North Vietnamese attacks on U.S. forces.

On August 8, 1974, President Nixon announced he would resign following damaging revelations in the Watergate scandal.

On August 9,1945, three days after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan, the United States exploded a nuclear device over Nagasaki, killing an estimated 74,000 people.

On August 10, 1977, postal employee David Berkowitz was arrested in Yonkers, N.Y., accused of being the "Son of Sam" gunman responsible for six random slayings and seven woundings. Berkowitz is serving six consecutive terms of 25 years to life in state prison.

On August 11, 1965, rioting and looting broke out in the predominantly black Watts section of Los Angeles. In the week that followed, 34 people were killed and more than 1,000 injured.

On August 12, 1898, the peace protocol ending the Spanish-American War was signed.

On August 13, 1961, Berlin was divided as East Germany sealed off the border between the city's eastern and western sectors in order to halt the flight of refugees. Two days later, work began on the Berlin Wall.

On August 14, 1945, President Truman announced that Japan had surrendered unconditionally, ending World War II. On August 15, 1947, India and Pakistan became independent after some 200 years of British rule.

On August 16, 1977, Elvis Presley died at Graceland Mansion in Memphis, Tenn., at age 42.

On August 17, 1969, the Woodstock Music and Art Fair concluded near Bethel, N.Y.

On August 18, 1963, James Meredith became the first black to graduate from the University of Mississippi.

On August 19, 1934, a plebiscite in Germany approved the vesting of sole executive power in Adolf Hitler as Fuhrer.

On August 20, 1968, the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact nations invaded Czechoslovakia to crush the "Prague Spring" liberalization drive of Alexander Dubcek's regime.

On August 21, 1959, President Eisenhower signed an executive order proclaiming Hawaii the 50th state of the union.

On August 22, 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt became the first U.S. chief executive to ride in an automobile, in Hartford, Connecticut.

On August 23, 1927, Italian-born anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were executed in Boston for the murders of two men during a 1920 robbery. Massachusetts Gov. Michael S. Dukakis vindicated them in 1977.

On August 24, 1992, Hurricane Andrew smashed into Florida, causing record damage; 55 deaths in Florida, Louisiana and the Bahamas were blamed on the storm.

On August 25,1944, allied forces liberated Paris after four years of Nazi occupation.

On August 26, 1920, the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, guaranteeing American women the right to vote, was declared in effect.

On August 27, 1962, the United States launched the Mariner 2 space probe, which flew past Venus the following December.

On August 28, 1963, 200,000 people participated in a peaceful civil rights rally in Washington, D.C., where Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech in front of the Lincoln Memorial.

On August 29, 1991, the Supreme Soviet, the parliament of the U.S.S.R., suspended all activities of the Communist Party, bringing an end to the institution.

On August 30, 1963, the hot-line communications link between Washington, D.C., and Moscow went into operation.

On August 31, 1997, the Seine in Paris killed Diana, the Princess of Wales, in an automobile accident in a tunnel. The accident also killed Emad Mohammed al-Fayed, the Harrod's heir.